Examinando por Autor "Ureta Sierra, Cledy"

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Current Progress in Microbial Biocontrol of Banana Fusarium Wilt: A Systematic Review
(MDPI, 2025-02-28) Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Ramírez Maguiña, Héctor Andrés; Johnson Pozo, Luis Fernando; Ureta Sierra, Cledy; Cruz Luiz, Juancarlos Alejandro
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) poses a significant threat to global banana production. This systematic review updates current knowledge on the efficacy of various antagonistic microorganisms in controlling Foc, considering the recent spread of this disease to new regions. The studies were systematically analyzed, focusing on methodologies, results, and conclusions to provide a comprehensive overview of current research and its practical implications. A total of 118 studies were reviewed, covering the use of antagonistic microorganisms such as Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., and Pseudomonas spp., both in pure cultures and in consortia. Most studies focused on controlling Foc TR4 in Cavendish subgroup bananas and originated from Asia. Microbial consortia demonstrated a higher control percentage with lower variability, particularly in genera such as Pseudomonas. In contrast, pure cultures were more commonly used for Streptomyces. The choice between consortia and pure cultures depends on the genus and the experimental context, as each approach has distinct advantages. Although the reviewed studies were generally of high quality, long-term research is still lacking. Antagonistic microorganisms represent a promising alternative for Foc control, although their efficacy depends on the specific strain and environmental conditions. It has been observed that inoculating these microorganisms onto seedlings before transplantation or in combination with organic matter enhances their effectiveness. Localized testing and formulation optimization are recommended to improve their application as preventive and suppressive tools in soil against infections. The review highlights a vast diversity of microbial agents with high efficacy rates, various modes of action, and additional benefits for plant development beyond Foc biocontrol. Furthermore, some studies achieved 100% control at the plant level under controlled conditions. These findings demonstrate that biological control is a viable alternative for integrated Foc management. Future research should prioritize new approaches that facilitate the widespread adoption of these methodologies, including microbial formulation, field application, and integration with other control methods.
Mutations found in the Asc1 gene that confer susceptibility to the AAL-Toxin in ancestral tomatoes from Peru and Mexico
(MDPI, 2020-12-28) Tsuzuki, Rin; Cabrera Pintado, Rosa María; Biondi Thorndike, Jorge Andrés; Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lida; Amasifuen Guerra, Carlos Alberto; Guerrero Abad, Juan Carlos; Aragón Caballero, Liliana María; Huarhua Zaquinaula, Medali Heidi; Ureta Sierra, Cledy; Alberca Cruz, Olenka Ines; Elespuru Suna, Milca Gianira; Blas Sevillano, Raúl Humberto; Torres Arias, Ines Carolina; Flores Ticona, Joel; Cáceres de Baldárrago, Fátima; Rodoríguez Pérez, Enrique; Hozum, Takuo; Saito, Hiroki; Kotera, Shunsuke; Akagi, Yasunori; Kodama, Motoichiro; Komatsu, Ken; Arie, Tsutome
Tomato susceptibility/resistance to stem canker disease caused by Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici and its pathogenic factor AAL-toxin is determined by the presence of the Asc1 gene. Several cultivars of commercial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum, SLL) are reported to have a mutation in Asc1, resulting in their susceptibility to AAL-toxin. We evaluated 119 ancestral tomato accessions including S. pimpinellifolium (SP), S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (SLC) and S. lycopersicum var. lycopersicum “jitomate criollo” (SLJ) for AAL-toxin susceptibility. Three accessions, SP PER018805, SLC PER018894, and SLJ M5-3, were susceptible to AAL-toxin. SLC PER018894 and SLJ M5-3 had a two-nucleotide deletion (nt 854_855del) in Asc1 identical to that found in SLL cv. Aichi-first. Another mutation (nt 931_932insT) that may confer AAL-toxin susceptibility was identified in SP PER018805. In the phylogenetic tree based on the 18 COSII sequences, a clade (S3) is composed of SP, including the AAL-toxin susceptible PER018805, and SLC. AAL-toxin susceptible SLC PER018894 and SLJ M5-3 were in Clade S2 with SLL cultivars. As SLC is thought to be the ancestor of SLL, and SLJ is an intermediate tomato between SLC and SLL, Asc1s with/without the mutation seem to have been inherited throughout the history of tomato domestication and breeding.
Rhizobium inoculation sustains optimal yields on native common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under nitrogen-deficient fertilization
(MDPI, 2025-07-25) Vásquez Lozano, Danny Jarlis; Ureta Sierra, Cledy; Campos Ruiz, Joseph; Ramírez Maguiña, Héctor Andrés; Chávez Collantes, Azucena; Velarde Apaza, Leslie Diana; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Cadenillas Martínez, Attilio Israel
Native bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) play a crucial role in ensuring food security in the Andean region. However, their cultivation faces challenges, such as low yields and a high dependence on nitrogen fertilizers. Addressing these issues requires the development of sustainable strategies to enhance productivity. This study evaluated the interaction between Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation and three levels of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization on the growth, yield, and nutritional profile of the 'Tiachos bayo' native bean variety under Andean field conditions. Two R. phaseoli strains (UNC-1 and CIAT-2) were tested in combination with three levels of chemical fertilization (0%, 50%, and 100%) using a factorial design under field conditions. Parameters assessed included nodule number, plant height, phenology, yield, and proximal grain composition. Results indicated that inoculation and fertilization levels significantly influenced nodulation, phenological phases, and crop yield. The highest yield (2172 kg·ha⁻¹) and nodule number (78) were observed with the combined treatment of R. phaseoli CIAT-2 strain with 100% fertilization. It was concluded that R. phaseoli inoculation, when integrated with appropriate fertilization, enhances the productivity of native beans.
Uso de agentes microbianos y manejo de la salud del suelo para la contención de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense raza 4 tropical
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, 2025-10) Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi; Ureta Sierra, Cledy; Ramírez Maguiña, Héctor Andrés; Johnson Pozo, Luis Fernando; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro
Este díptico técnico presenta estrategias para el manejo y contención de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense raza 4 tropical (Foc R4T), patógeno que amenaza la producción mundial de banano y plátano, presente en 23 países y capaz de causar pérdidas de hasta el 100% en plantaciones. El documento describe la importancia del manejo de la salud del suelo como estrategia clave para la contención del patógeno, mediante el uso de agentes microbianos de control biológico, especialmente cuatro géneros predominantes: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma y Streptomyces. Se detallan métodos de aplicación que incluyen inoculación directa en vivero o plantones, mediante baño de raíces y riego con suspensiones de agentes microbianos. Los beneficios esperados incluyen la reducción de la incidencia de Foc R4T, mejora de la estructura y fertilidad del suelo, inducción de resistencia en las plantas, mayor sostenibilidad en la producción de banano, y efecto biofertilizante con reducción del uso de fertilizantes sintéticos hasta en un 30%. Las estrategias recomendadas comprenden el uso de compost o humus (5-10 tn/ha/año), aplicación de consorcios microbianos (4 L/ha o equivalente en polvo, 4 veces por campaña), uso de biochar de cascarilla de arroz (2 L/m² hasta 2 veces en 5 años), y aplicación de agentes microbianos específicos. Actualmente no existe un fungicida efectivo ni una variedad resistente ampliamente aceptada contra Foc R4T, por lo que estas estrategias de manejo biológico y salud del suelo son fundamentales para la sostenibilidad de la producción de banano en regiones tropicales y subtropicales.