Examinando por Materia "Biomarkers"

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Metabolomic characterization of 5 native Peruvian chili peppers (Capsicum spp.) as a tool for species discrimination
(Elsevier, 2022-03-17) Espichán, Fabio; Rojas, Rosario; Quispe Jacobo, Fredy Enrique; Cabanac, Guillaume; Marti, Guillaume
Many species of chili peppers have overlapping morphological characters and delimitation by visual descriptors in many cases fails to differentiate one species from another. In Peru, there are 413 accessions of native chili pepper and 296 accessions of rocotos conserved in the Germplasm Collections of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA), of which five accessions (three species from three locations) were selected for the present metabolomic study. The Discrimination of the three species of native chili peppers and identification of biomarkers was performed using untargeted metabolomic approach based on profiling by UHPLC-HRMS and multivariate data analysis. The samples of fresh chili peppers (whole fruit) from Chincha area were used to construct an OPLS-DA model. To validate the biomarkers (identified 15 biomarkers, mainly flavonoids), an external validation set of the OPLS-DA model was constructed using Chiclayo and Huaral collection datasets. Consequently, the OPLS-DA based on Chincha samples model has a high predictive capacity demonstrating that the biomarkers have a high probability of continuity in any culture space, being successful in discriminating the species by untargeted metabolomics.
Parasitism-induced changes in microbial eukaryotes of Peruvian alpaca gastrointestinal tract
(MDPI, 2024-01-27) Sanchez, Diana; Zapata, Celso; Romero Avila, Yolanda; Flores Huarco, Nils H.; Oros, Oscar; Alvarado, Wigoberto; Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique; Guevara Alvarado, Hada M.; Estrada Cañari, Richard; Coila, Pedro
Alpacas, important genetic resources in the Andean region of Peru, are vulnerable to diarrhea caused by pathogenic parasites such as Eimeria lamae and Giardia sp., which can be fatal, especially in neonates, due to their physiological immaturity and limited adaptability. The study investigated the diversity and abundance of intestinal fungi and protists in alpacas infected with Eimeria lamae and Giardia sp. compared to healthy alpacas. A total of 19 alpacas, aged between one and two months, were included. They were divided into two groups, one with pathological conditions (nine) and the other healthy (ten). Parasitological analyses for the detection of parasites and subsequent molecular analysis were performed on the collected fecal samples. The results revealed a greater diversity and abundance of protists in infected alpacas in comparison with healthy alpacas, while the fungal composition did not show significant changes. Therefore, parasitic infections affect the protist component of the alpaca gut microbiota. Also, it was observed that Blastocystis was identified in all healthy alpacas, serving as a possible marker of the health of the intestinal microbiota; in addition, Prussia and Pichia are beneficial fungi that help control diseases. This groundbreaking study in neonatal alpacas is the first to explore potential changes in the intestinal microbiota during an infectious state, underscoring the importance of further research to comprehend its effects on alpaca health and immune responses.