Examinando por Materia "Bos taurus"

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The complete mitochondrial genome of a Peruvian creole cattle (Bos taurus) and its phylogenetic analysis
(Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2023-02-09) Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin; Ferro Mauricio, Rubén Darío; Chávez Galarza, Julio César; Vásquez Pérez, Héctor Vladimir; Maicelo Quintana, Jorge Luis; Poemape Tuesta, Carlos Augusto; Gonzáles, J.; Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique; Corredor Arizapana, Flor Anita
The population of Peruvian creole cattle (PCC) is decreasing mainly due to the introduction of more productive breeds in recent years. We report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a PCC bull for the first time. This genome was 16,339 bp in length with the base composition 31.43% A, 28.64% T, 26.81% C, and 13.12% G. It contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and a control region. Among the 37 genes, 28 were positioned on the H-strand and 9 were positioned on the L-strand. The most frequently used codons were CUA (Leucine), AUA (Isoleucine), AUU (Isoleucine), AUC (Isoleucine) and ACA (Threonine). Maximum likelihood analysis clearly demonstrated that PCC are strongly related to a native African breed, giving insights into the maternal ancestry of PCC. The annotated mitochondrial genome of PCC would serve as an important genetic data set for further breeding work and conservation strategies.
Complete mitogenome of “pumpo” (Bos taurus), a top bull from a Peruvian genetic nucleus, and its phylogenetic analysis
(MDPI, 2024-05-28) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Romero Avila, Yolanda; Alvarez García, Wuesley Yusmein; Rojas Cruz, Diorman; Alvarado, Wigoberto; Maicelo, Jorge L.; Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin
The mitochondrial genome of Pumpo (Bos taurus), a prominent breed contributing to livestock farming, was sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Assembly and annotation of the mitochondrial genome were achieved through a multifaceted approach employing bioinformatics tools such as Trim Galore, SPAdes, and Geseq, followed by meticulous manual inspection. Additionally, analyses covering tRNA secondary structure and codon usage bias were conducted for comprehensive characterization. The 16,341 base pair mitochondrial genome comprises 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis places Pumpo within a clade predominantly composed of European cattle, reflecting its prevalence in Europe. This comprehensive study underscores the importance of mitochondrial genome analysis in understanding cattle evolution and highlights the potential of genetic improvement programs in livestock farming, thus contributing to enhanced livestock practices.
Draft genome sequence and SSR data mining of “pumpo” (Bos taurus), a top bull from a peruvian genetic nucleus
(MDPI, 2024-06-18) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Romero Avila, Yolanda; Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Quilcate Pairazaman, Carlos Enrique; Casanova Nuñez-Melgar, David Pavel; Vásquez Pérez, Hector Vladimir; Alvarado Chuqui, Wigoberto; Maicelo Quintana, Jorge Luis; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin
Pumpo is a Simmental breed and an essential livestock resource in the nucleus genetic cattle of Peru. This study provides a draft genome sequence of a top bull using a de novo assembly approach on the Illumina Novaseq X platform, yielding 208 GB of raw sequencing data with 150 bp paired‐end reads. The final genome assembly resulted in a size of 2.06 Gb with an N50 contig length of 108 Mb and a completeness of 95.7% according to BUSCO analysis. A total of 973,925 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified, with a predominance of mononucleotide repeats. The genome showed low heterozygosity (0.568%) and moderate repeatability (11.5%), aligning with other Bos taurus genomes. Reference‐guided scaffolding improved the assembly quality significantly, producing an N50 scaffold value of 108 Mb. The SSR analysis of the Pumpo genome identified 973,925 SSRs with a frequency of 2,808 SSRs per kilobase, predominantly mononucleotide repeats, and 85,453 found in compound formations. Obtaining knowledge of the genome of a breeding Simmental bull is essential to optimize breeding programs and improve productivity.
Evaluación de la variabilidad genética del gen de Kappa caseína en bovinos criollos (Bos taurus) de 04 comunidades de Ancash, Perú [ Póster ]
(Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Extensión Agraria - INIA, 2004-06-21) Veli Rivera, Eudosio A.; Rivas Seoane, Emma; Verástegui, Milusqui; Rivas Palma, Victoria; Pastor, Santiago
Los vacunos criollos son un conjunto de poblaciones producto de cruces no controlados entre diferentes razas bovinas introducidas por los españoles a partir de 1493 (después del 2do viaje de Cristóbal Colón); esta mezcla de razas pasa por un proceso de adaptación local dando lugar a una gran diversidad de ecotipos generalmente caracterizadas por su rusticidad, tolerancia a factores climáticos y resistencia a enfermedades. En la sub región andina es notable su adaptación al frío e hipoxia, típicos del clima de montañas. En este ecosistema los rebaños de bovinos criollos sirven como fuente de alimento, ahorro, fuerza de trabajo y recreación para las familias rurales. El queso es el producto más frecuente e inmediato de esta crianza.
Ganancia de peso de toretes cruzados (Bos taurus con Bos indicus) en sistemas intensivos del trópico
(Universidad de Tarapacá, 2023-09-01) Linares Rivera, Jaime Lizardo; Leveau Villacorta, Cayo; Farje Alva, Kennedy Pacífico; Ampuero Trigoso, Gustavo; Milla Pino, Manuel Emilio; Saucedo Uriarte, José Américo
El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la ganancia de peso de toretes cruzados (Bos taurus con Bos indicus) en sistemas intensivos en el trópico del Perú. Un total de 20 toretes de 11 meses de edad con peso promedio de 155,7 ± 25,9 kg fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos tratamientos. Un grupo recibió alimento balanceado y el otro se basó en pastoreo convencional. Se determinó el peso y ganancia de peso mensual. Se aplicó la prueba T-student para dos muestras independientes. Se encontraron diferencias significativas para pesos y ganancias de peso (p < 0,05), constatándose superioridad de peso en los animales que fueron alimentados con concentrado respecto a los bovinos que fueron pastoreados. En conclusión, a nivel de trópico los bovinos cruzados resultaron superiores en ganancia de peso, por lo que es necesario seguir mejorando los pastizales naturales, suplementar con concentrado a base de insumos locales y hacer evaluaciones con pastizales cultivados.