Examinando por Materia "Clonal propagation"

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Micropropagation of clonal lines of thorny artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)
(Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, 2019-04-30) Catacora, E.; Olivera, J.; Ramos, Z.; Alve Quispe, Zuly Mery; Pinedo, R.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro propagation ability of 10 clonal lines of thorny globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). The study methodology comprised five stages of evaluation. The stages evaluated were initiation, multiplication, rooting, acclimatization, and transplant to the field. The study began with the initiation of dissected shoot tips of 10 clonal lines in test tubes containing the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Best results were obtained when explants were cultured on an induction medium containing MS + naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 1.0 mg l−1 + benzyl aminopurine (BA) 1.0 mg l−1, highlighting clonal lines L-250, L-132, and L-62. Because of high rates of vitrification and phenolization in the initial stage, clonal lines L-24, L-127, and L-142 were discarded from the study. Therefore, only seven clonal lines were included for evaluation in the multiplication stage. Once the microplants were obtained under laboratory condition in the culture medium, they were immediately transferred to a proliferation medium containing MS + BA 1.0 mg l−1. Only in three clonal lines (L-132, L-200, and L-250), a high multiplication rate (3.5 shoots/explant) was achieved with axillary bud formation. Of the seven clonal lines evaluated, clonal line L-250 achieved the highest rates in the variables shoot height (3.38 cm), number of leaves (13.4), and number of shoots/explant (4.4). In the rooting stage, clonal line L-250 obtained a significant improvement by transferring plantlets to direct acclimatization after 20 days of in vitro root induction in a medium containing MS + NAA 1.0 mg l−1. Similarly, in the acclimatization stage, the clonal line L-250 showed a significant result. Then, in the transplantation stage, the plants were transplanted to the field with 100% rooting; 30 days after the transplantation, the clonal line L-250 obtained 100% survival in the field than the control treatments (offspring from two locations were used – Mito and Alayo). As the rooting period is reduced by approximately 20 days by inducing direct root formation under greenhouse conditions, the micropropagation technique is optimized with the protocol used in this study.
Micropropagation of Vaccinium meridionale Sw.: Interaction between basal media and cytokinins, physiological quality of shoots, and ex vitro rooting
(Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, 2025-12-22) Huaman, Eyner; Muñoz, Carlos; Prat, Loreto; Meléndez Mori, Jegnes Benjamín; Vargas, Raúl; Vigo, Carmen; Tejada Alvarado, José Jesús; Huaman Pilco, Angel Fernando; Oliva Cruz, Manuel
Vaccinium meridionale is an Andean species of high nutraceutical value whose conventional propagation is limited by its low multiplication rate. In this study, an integrated micropropagation protocol was developed, encompassing in vitro establishment through ex vitro rooting. During the establishment phase, fungal contaminants were identified, detecting genera such as Diaporthe, Fusarium, Colletotrichum and Phoma. In the multiplication phase, the basal media Driver and Kuniyuki (DKW), Woody Plant Medium (WPM) and Murashige and Skoog (MS) were evaluated, supplemented with zeatin (Zea), 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), meta-topolin (mT) and thidiazuron (TDZ), all applied at equimolar concentrations of 2.5 μM. Morphogenic parameters, photosynthetic pigment content, SPAD index and elemental composition of regenerated tissues were quantified. DKW medium supplemented with Zea or 2iP promoted the formation of 9–10 shoots, with lengths of 2.5–2.9 cm, SPAD values of 35–36, and chlorophyll content >31 μg/mL. The accumulation of P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in the tissues varied widely among treatments. During rooting, the application of 500 ppm naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) induced the formation of longer roots, as well as vigorous and elongated shoots with a high number of leaves. This optimized protocol provides a valuable tool for the propagation of V. meridionale, with potential applications in conservation, genetic improvement and commercial plant production.