Examinando por Materia "Coffee leaf rust"

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Linking Grain Mineral Content to Pest and Disease Resistance, Agro-Morphological Traits, and Bioactive Compounds in Peruvian Coffee Germplasm
(MDPI, 2025-12-24) Choque Incaluque, Ester Maryeta; Cueva Carhuatanta, César Aldair; Carreraa Rojo, Ronald Pio; Maravi Loyola, Jazmín Yurema; Hermoza Gutiérrez, Marián; Cántaro Segura, Hector Baroni; Fernández Huaytalla, Elizabeth; Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lidna; Quispe Jacobo, Fredy Enrique; Ccapa Ramírez, Karina Beatriz
Mineral composition modulates plant health, agro-morphological attributes, and functional quality in coffee, yet large-scale evaluations remain limited. In 150 Coffea arabica L. accessions, we quantified grain minerals (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn); resistance to coffee leaf miner (CLM), coffee berry borer (CBB), and coffee leaf rust (CLR); agro-morphological traits; bioactive compounds (phenolics, flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, trigonelline, caffeine); and antioxidant capacity (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP). Mn and Zn were associated with greater resistance to CBB and CLM, whereas P and Ca related with lower susceptibility to CLR; a P–Zn antagonism emerged as a critical nutritional axis. Phosphorus was linked to larger size and higher 100-bean mass; Ca and Mg to greater fruit number and fruit mass per plant; and Fe to improved filling and higher 100-bean mass in parchment coffee. For bioactive compounds, P and K were positively associated with total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeine, and ABTS/FRAP antioxidant activity, while trigonelline and chlorogenic acid correlated positively with the micronutrients Zn, Cu, and Fe. Cluster analysis resolved groups associated with resistance, Zn/Fe biofortification, productivity, and functional quality. PER1002287, PER1002216, PER1002207, and PER1002197 emerged as promising accessions balancing plant health, yield, and phytochemical quality. Overall, grain mineral composition is linked to plant health, productivity, and functional quality in coffee, providing a foundation for precision nutrient management and breeding programs aimed at resilient and high–value-added coffee.
Massive production of Hemileia vastatrix uredospores for infection of Coffea arabica seedlings
(Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, 2023-07-10) Hernández Amasifuen, Angel David; Rivadeneyra Chisquipama, Lenin; Padilla Dominguez, Amner; Paredes Espinosa, Richard; Guerrero Abad, Juan Carlos; Torres Flores, Elías; Peláez Rivera, Jorge Luis; Carvajal Vallejos, Fernando Marcelo; Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lida; Corazon Guivin, Mike Anderson
Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) is the most important disease in coffee crops around the world. Currently, there is limited knowledge about mass production methodologies and ex-situ infection of H. vastatrix that lead to the development of different health characterization studies of Coffea or disease phenotyping. In this context, the aim of this research was to develop a simple protocol for the mass production of coffee rust uredospores under controlled conditions and to determine their infection in coffee seedlings. Uredospores of H. vastatrix were collected from infected plants in the “Chontal” coffee-growing area in San Martín, Peru. The viability of uredospore germination was evaluated, and a uredospores suspension (2 x 105 uredospores/mL) was prepared to inoculate coffee seedlings. Incidence and sporulation rates were evaluated after 43 days of inoculation. During the multiplication process of H. vastatrix uredospores, using controlled conditions (23±1 °C, ≈ 80% relative humidity and photoperiod of 16 hours of light) under an innovative system, the first symptoms of chlorosis were observed on coffee leaves 20 days after inoculation. Our findings show a 100% incidence of inoculated coffee plants with an average of 54 mg of H. vastatrix uredospores per plant and a 1.38 x 10-1 mg/cm2 sporulation rate. Finally, here we report a protocol that allows mass multiplication of H. vastatrix uredospores under controlled conditions, that would be useful in any time for coffee leaf rust bioassays.