Examinando por Materia "Participatory varietal selection"

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Identification of Elite Potato Clones with Resistance to Late Blight Through Participatory Varietal Selection in Peru
(European Association for Potato Research, 2021-06-12) Gastelo Benavides, Manuel Antonio; Burgos, Gabriela; Bastos Zuñiga, Carolina; Perez, Juan Miguel; Otiniano Villanueva, Ronal; Cabrera Hoyos, Héctor Antonio; Ccanto, Raul; De Scurrah, María Mayer; Zum Felde, Thomas
Potato is the most important crop in Peru and late blight is the main disease affecting the crop. However, new varieties that are resistant to late blight often lack other traits that farmers and consumers prefer. Using participatory varietal selection, this study seeks to identify clones with high potential to become varieties with resistance to late blight but also feature a high marketable tuber yield and other preferred agronomic traits. During 2016–2017, 36 clones previously selected for high levels of resistance to late blight from population B developed by the International Potato Center, and three varieties used as controls (INIA 302 Amarilis moderately resistant, INIA303 Canchan and Yungay susceptible to late blight), were evaluated in five Peruvian locations. At harvest, five clones were selected based on (i) evaluations made by farmers through Participatory Varietal Selection, (ii) analysis of mixed models and Best Linear Unbiased Predictors for tuber yield, (iii) low glycoalkaloid content in tubers, and (iv) good organoleptic quality. These clones were evaluated again during 2017–2018 in four locations. Resistance to late blight and good marketable tuber yields were identified as the most important criteria for the selection of a new potato variety. The clones CIP308488.92, CIP308495.227 and CIP308478.59 were selected as promising clones having resistance to late blight and tuber yield superior to the local varieties, INIA-303 Canchan, Yungay, as well as good organoleptic quality and low glycoalkaloid content. These clones can be suggested for variety release in similar agroecological environments.
Obtaining new potato cultivars with late blight resistance and adapted to climate change using participatory varietal selection
(David Publishing Company, 2020-02-28) Zúñiga López, Luz Noemí; Gastelo Benavides, Manuel Antonio; Bastos Zuñiga, Carolina; Reyes Espinoza, Jhercy Pepe; Alania, Edson; Ninalaya Cerrón, Evelin Natali
The potato crop in Peru is the main income and food source for the smallholder of the highland grower of the Peruvian Andes. For urban population, it represents one of the main components of the food basket and for commercial intermediaries. It is the main brokerage product considering its volume and value. To facilitate the adoption and diffusion of new potato cultivars after its release, adequate methodologies are necessary to apply during the process of evaluation and selection. One of these methodologies is called participatory varietal selection (PVS). The objective of this study was to identify new potato cultivars and/or genotypes with resistance or tolerance to adverse effects of climate change applying PVS, in order to obtain new varieties with acceptable economic yields. In this way potato growers of the Peruvian highland Andes should benefit through the improvement of their economic status, food security and overall life quality. During 2016-2017, three potato clones (CIP393079.4, CIP387096.2 and CIP396034.268) and two commercial varieties (Unica, Canchan) were evaluated at eight Peruvian locations in three regions (Huánuco, Junín and Huancavelica). Data were analyzed using a randomized complete block design, with three replications. Main criteria for selection were late blight resistance, abundant foliage, drought tolerance, yield and uniform and healthy tubers. In all three regions the three best clones selected were CIP396034.268, CIP393079.4 and CIP387096.2, ranking in first, second and third place, respectively. Men and women selected the same clones, but in a different order. Commercial cultivars ranked 4th and 5th. However, local growers selected Canchan, CIP387096.2 and CIP393079.4 based on appearance, texture and taste tests. The last two clones (CIP387096.2 and CIP393079.4) should be considered for a future release.