Examinando por Materia "Phenotypic variation"

Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4

Agro-morphological characterization and diversity analysis of Coffea arabica germplasm collection from INIA, Peru
(John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2023-04-04) Paredes Espinosa, Richard; Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lida; Atoche Garay, Diego Fernando; Abad Romaní, Yudi Gertrudis; Girón Aguilar, Rita Carolina; Flores Torres, Itala; Montañez Artica, Ana Gabriela; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin; Amasifuen Guerra, Carlos Alberto; Poemape Tuesta, Carlos Augusto; Guerrero Abad, Juan Carlos
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plays a major role in the economy of Peru and the world. The present study aims to elucidate the agro-morphological variability of coffee genotypes maintained in the INIA´s germplasm collection. Therefore, 20 vegetative, reproductive, and phytosanitary traits of 162 coffee accessions of INIA’s germplasm collection were evaluated and analyzed. Correlation results indicate that a simultaneous selection of characters, such as number of branches per plant, number of nodes per branch, leaf area and weight of a hundred fruits, can contribute to increase coffee yields. Additionally, coffee yield was negatively correlated with the incidence and severity of coffee leaf rust, and interestingly the occurrence of small and compact coffee plants with high resistance to the disease was also found. The analysis of Tocher and Mahalanobis D2 determined the formation of 10 groups of divergent coffee accessions; where clusters 1 (accession codes 20, 29, 38, 54, 67, 71, 117, 24, 26 and 27), 5 (accession codes 46 and 53), 9 (accession code 159), and 10 (accession code 203) group promising accessions that can be used in breeding programs. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that at least five of its principal components managed to explain 70.01% of the total variation in the collection. Finally, the high coefficients obtained for the phenotypic, genotypic and heritability variation confirm the existence of additive genes in the evaluated population, that would ensure the success of coffee breeding programs based on the selection of traits of agronomic importance.
Agro-morphological characterization and diversity analysis of Coffea arabica germplasm collection from INIA, Peru
(John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2023-06-06) Paredes Espinosa, Richard; Gutiérrez Reynoso, Dina Lida; Atoche Garay, Diego Fernando; Mansilla Córdova, Pedro Javier ; Abad Romaní, Yudi Gertrudis; Girón Aguilar, Rita Carolina; Flores Torres, Itala; Montañez Artica, Ana Gabriela; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin; Amasifuen Guerra, Carlos Alberto; Maicelo Quintana, Jorge Luis; Poemape Tuesta, Carlos Augusto; Guerrero Abad, Juan Carlos
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plays a major role in the economy of Peru and the world. The present study aims to elucidate the agro-morphological variability of coffee genotypes maintained in the INIA´s germplasm collection. Therefore, 20 vegetative, reproductive, and phytosanitary traits of 162 coffee accessions of INIA’s germplasm collection were evaluated and analyzed. Correlation results indicate that a simultaneous selection of characters, such as number of branches per plant, number of nodes per branch, leaf area and weight of a hundred fruits, can contribute to increase coffee yields. Additionally, coffee yield was negatively correlated with the incidence and severity of coffee leaf rust, and interestingly the occurrence of small and compact coffee plants with high resistance to the disease was also found. The analysis of Tocher and Mahalanobis D2 determined the formation of 10 groups of divergent coffee accessions; where clusters 1 (accession codes 20, 29, 38, 54, 67, 71, 117, 24, 26 and 27), 5 (accession codes 46 and 53), 9 (accession code 159), and 10 (accession code 203) group promising accessions that can be used in breeding programs. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that at least five of its principal components managed to explain 70.01% of the total variation in the collection. Finally, the high coefficients obtained for the phenotypic, genotypic and heritability variation confirm the existence of additive genes in the evaluated population, that would ensure the success of coffee breeding programs based on the selection of traits of agronomic importance.
Methodology for the phenotypic evaluation in Guazuma crinita trees in Ucayali, Peru
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2024-02-20) Revilla Chávez, Jorge Manuel; López Galán, Edinson Eduardo; Gonzales Alvarado, Antony Cristhian; Sáenz Ramírez, Lyanna Hellen; Mori Vásquez, Jorge Arturo; Rojas Mego, Krystel Clarissa; Abanto Rodríguez, Carlos; Sebbenn, Alexandre Magno
The objective of this study was to present a methodological tool for the phenotypic evaluation in progeny tests of Guazuma crinita in producer plots of the Aguaytía river basin, Ucayali, Peru, which allows field technicians to standardize the morphological evaluation criteria of trees in forest plantations. Therefore, the phenotypic traits were evaluated for plant height (m), diameter at the height of the base (cm), number of branches, number of rings, stem form, branch orientation, presence and quantity of leaves. The heritability and genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits were also estimated. Therefore, 32 morphological categories were plotted based on the significant correlations (p≤ 0.05) shown between the place of planting, the stem form, the orientation of the branches and the presence of leaves. For the same reason, the progeny showed low morphological patterns, being a low factor of phenotypic variability. It is concluded that the correlations between the biometric and morphological traits evaluated, allowed to validate the phenotypic evaluation procedures of Guazuma crinita progeny tests at 36 months of age.
Phenotypic characterization of fine-aroma cocoa from Northeastern Peru
(Hindawi, 2021-07-05) Oliva Cruz, Manuel; Goñas Goñas, Malluri; García, Ligia M.; Rabanal Oyarse, Raúl; Alvarado Chuqui, Cástula; Escobedo Ocampo, Patricia; Maicelo Quintana, Jorge Luis
The phenotypic characterization of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plays an important role in the generation of information for the conservation of cacao germplasm. The objective of this study is to characterize phenotypically 146 ecotypes of fine-aroma native cacao (FFNC) from northeastern Peru that were collected from 280 to 1265 metres above sea level. Morphological descriptors of fruits and seeds, sensory characteristics, and productivity descriptors were used. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics with pie charts, distribution histograms, and multiple correspondence analysis. The results showed that 76.7% of the cocoa ecotypes had green immature fruits, 73% showed slight roughness on the surface of the fruit, 54% showed an intermediate thickness of the fruit wall, and 90% had the appearance of pairs of equidistant ridges. Regarding seed characteristics, 71% showed purplish cotyledons, with a high presence of floral and fruity notes and low levels of bitterness and astringency. Likewise, 52% of the fruits and 64% of the seeds were long. More importantly, cocoa beans needed to produce between 14 and 16 pods to obtain one kilogram of dry cocoa, which reflects a good level of productivity. Finally, there was a positive relationship between elevation levels and the presence of fine-flavoured native cocoa, i.e., the greatest diversity of native cocoa with floral and fruity notes was found above 501 metres above sea level.