Examinando por Materia "Trichoderma sp."

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Effect of Endophytic Trichoderma sp. Strains on the Agronomic Characteristics of Ecotypes of Theobroma cacao L. under Nursery Conditions in Peru
(Hindawi, 2022-05-24) Chavez Jalk, Antony; Leiva, Santos; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldine; Vigo Mestanza, Carmen Natividad; Arce, Marielita; Oliva Cruz, Manuel
Peru is one of the main producers of fine aroma native cacao, expanding its areas considerably in recent years, which makes it necessary to seek adequate management alternatives to obtain advantageous yields. The present work had the objective of testing the influence of Trichoderma sp. endophytic strains on the agronomic characteristics of ecotypes of Theobroma cacao L. under nursery conditions, Cajaruro district, Utcubamba, Amazonas, Peru. The Trichoderma strains evaluated were Trichoderma breve; T. harzianum; T. longibrachatum; T. afrojarzianum, and Trichoderma sp. which were inoculated on cocoa seedlings of ecotypes CCN51; TCHS565; and nativo fino de aroma. The variables evaluated were chlorophyll indices (at 30, 45, 60, and 70 days after planting), percentage of endophyte colonization, root hair development, trichomes on stems, and agronomic characteristics (plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, root dry and fresh weight, root size, etc.). The results showed that the application of Trichoderma breve in the fine aroma native cocoa ecotype (T12) presented the highest chlorophyll index at 75 days after planting (DAP) with 43.53 +- 1.59 and 49.77 +- 2.42 for the apex and leaf base, respectively, with a percentage of colonization in the root hairs of 66.67%, and with better characteristics for the number of leaves with 12.00 +- 3.46. T12 showed positive influences for plant height, leaf number, and chlorophyll index. Treatments based on T. harzianum + CCN51 (T5) and T. afroharzianum + TSHS565 (T6) showed 100% colonization of the root hairs and trichomes on stems. Endophytic Trichoderma fungi are an alternative for organic production of fine aroma cocoa in Peru, improving the agronomic characteristics of the crop.
Interaction between Trichoderma sp., Pseudomonas putida, and two organic amendments on the yield and quality of strawberries (Fragaria x annanasa cv. San Andreas) in the Huaral region, Peru
(MDPI, 2024-07-22) Huasasquiche, Lucero; Ccori, Thania; Alejandro, Leonela; Cántaro Segura, Héctor; Samaniego, Tomás; Solórzano, Richard
Strawberry cultivation holds significant economic and social promise within Peruvian fruit production. However, conventional management practices have led to the excessive use of agrochemicals in this crop. This study proposes an organic approach to strawberry production, integrating less environmentally harmful technologies. The aim was to assess microbial inoculation by using Trichoderma sp. and Pseudomonas putida and the application of organic amendments on strawberry seedlings of the commercial cultivar “San Andreas”. A field experiment was established with evaluations in the vegetative and productive stages. Results indicate that the co-inoculation of Trichoderma sp. and Pseudomonas putida increased leaf area by 7%, and enhanced the aerial part’s fresh and dry biomass by 13% and 28%, respectively, compared to treatment without microbial inoculation. Concurrently, compost application increased the leaf number and aerial dry biomass by 22% and 19% at the end of the vegetative stage, respectively, compared to treatment without organic amendment. In addition, it reduced the days for flowering, maintaining the fruit’s physicochemical attributes. Regarding yield, the amendments application significantly enhanced fruit weight per plant by 40%, especially when applied together with Trichoderma sp., and co-inoculation increased the number of fruits per meter square by 22%. These findings highlight the potential of technologies such as microbial inoculation and organic amendments to enhance strawberry yields and to gradually reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers.