Examinando por Materia "Yield"

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Bacillus subtilis and Rhizophagus intraradices improve vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality of Fragaria × ananassa var. San Andreas
(MDPI, 2024-09-02) Huasasquiche Sarmiento, Lucero; Alejandro, Leonela; Ccori, Thania; Cántaro Segura, Héctor; Samaniego Vivanco, Tomás Daniel; Quispe Matos, Kenyi Rolando; Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Strawberry cultivation requires strategies that maintain or improve its yield within a scheme in which reducing fertilizers and other chemical products can make its consumption safer and more environmentally friendly. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Bacillus subtilis and Rhizophagus intraradices on strawberry growth, yield, and fruit quality. B. subtilis and R. intraradices were inoculated and co-inoculated under three fertilization levels of 225-100-250, 112-50-125, and 0-0-0 kg・ha−1 of N, P2O5 and K2O. Vegetative growth was evaluated in plant height (cm), leaf area (cm2), aerial fresh weight (g), aerial dry weight (g), and plant coverage (%) variables. Fruit quality parameters such as total acidity (g・100 mL−1), soluble solids (Brix◦), and firmness (kg) were also determined, as well as the number of fruits per m2 and yield (t・ha−1). The results showed that the pre-treatment of root immersion in a nutrient solution with B. subtilis and the fractionation of 6 L B. subtilis inoculation per plant at a concentration of 107 CFU・mL−1, in combination with 225-100-250 kg・ha−1 of N, P2O5, and K2O, achieved the highest accumulation of dry matter (12.9 +- 1.9 g・plant−1), the highest number of fruits (28.2 +- 4.5 fruits・m−2), and the highest yield (7.2 +- 1.4 t・ha−1). In addition, this treatment increased the soluble sugar content by 34.78% and fruit firmness by 26.54% compared to the control without inoculation. This study highlights the synergistic effect of mineral nutrition and microbial inoculation with B. subtilis in increasing strawberry yield and fruit quality.
Evaluación del rendimiento del maíz forrajero (Zea mays L.) intercalado con frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en el distrito de Molinopampa, Perú
(Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, 2025-12-10) Mori Servan, Diana; Goñas Goñas, Malluri; García Rosero, Ligia M.; Condori Apfata, Jorge A.; Pinedo Canlla, Coralli; Yalta Chappa, Merbelita; Santillan Gomez, Homar; Vigo, Carmen N.; Banda, Duber; Gosgot Ángeles, Wildor
En este estudio se evaluó la intercalación de variedades de maíz forrajero (Zea mays L.) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris) en la región Amazonas, Perú, con el objetivo de identificar combinaciones que optimicen el rendimiento agrícola. Se aplicó un diseño factorial con 11 tratamientos, combinando tres variedades de maíz (Chuska INIA, Marginal 28T, y Advanta) y de frijol (Vidillo y Wasca). Los resultados revelaron que la asociación entre Chuska INIA y frijol Vidillo (T1) obtuvo los mejores resultados en altura de planta (252.13 ± 3.33 cm) y número de hojas (14.08 ± 0.14), lo que sugiere una combinación favorable. Por el contrario, las asociaciones con maíz Advanta mostraron menores valores en estos parámetros, indicando una adaptación limitada a la intercalación. En cuanto a la longitud y el ancho de hoja, no variaron significativamente entre tratamientos, sugiriendo que estos rasgos son menos sensibles a las combinaciones de cultivos. En cuanto al rendimiento forrajero, el tratamiento T1 destacó con los mayores valores de forraje fresco y materia seca, demostrando el potencial de esta asociación para mejorar la productividad. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de seleccionar combinaciones de cultivos que maximicen la producción, promoviendo la sostenibilidad y eficiencia del sistema agrícola en la región. Se concluye que la intercalación de maíz Chuska INIA con frijol Vidillo es una alternativa prometedora para incrementar el rendimiento forrajero en la región de Amazonas, Perú, contribuyendo a la sostenibilidad agrícola mediante la reducción de insumos y la mejora de la salud del suelo.
Inoculation methods of native strains of Trichoderma sp. and their effect on the growth and yield of quinoa
(Universidad del Zulia, 2022-12-06) Leon Ttacca, Betsabe; Ortiz Calcina, Nora; Pauro Flores, Luis; Borja Loza, Rodrigo; Mendoza Coari, Paul Pascual; Palao Iturregui, Luis Alfredo
The use of endophytic fungi is an effective alternative to control pathogens, improve plant metabolism and yield in crops. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of five different strains of Trichoderma sp. on the growth and yield of quinoa plants (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) by using two methods of inoculation: a) pelleted seed, and b) drenching with the endophytic fungi. A completely randomized design with a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement, plus a control with five repetitions was used. The 11 treatments were evaluated with five repetitions. Yield, and aerial and root growth variables were determined. There were no interactions between strains and inoculation methods for aerial plant growth, but there were for root growth and yield. The seed pelleting method produced a higher aerial growth compared to the drench method. In root length, the greatest values were found with the TE-7 and TE-126 strains combined with the pelleted seed method. Likewise, the TE-126 strain induced the greatest dry biomass of roots using the same method. The yield varied between 4147.6 and 3222.7 kg.ha-1 in most of the strain-method combinations, without significant differences between them. Statistically, the control always ranked last, indicating the importance of the seed inoculation. Trichoderma sp. produced increases in vegetative growth and quinoa yield, with TE-7 and TE-126 being the best strains. Furthermore, seed pelleting promoted vegetative growth of the plants, while grain yield was not affected by the inoculation method.
New wheat variety INIA 440 – K’ ANCHAREQ: Selection and agronomic and comercial characterization in Cusco, Peru
(Elsevier, 2022-12-30) Estrada Zúniga, Rigoberto; Vigo Mestanza, Carmen Natividad; Gonza Cusipuma, Victor Antonio; Manotupa Tupa, Michael Bryan; Carreño Fernández, Hans; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldinne
The objective of this study was to select and characterize agronomically the advanced bread wheat line H - 1246 which gave origin to the INIA wheat variety 440 - K’ANCHAREQ. The research included yield trials in farmers’ fields during 4 production seasons (2012–2016), adaptation and agronomic efficiency trials in two production seasons (2016–2018). In addition, the reaction to Yellow Rust and distinctness, uniformity and stability characteristics of the new wheat variety and commercial controls were evaluated. The plots for each of the trials were conducted under a Completely Randomized Block design with three replications. At the end of the trials, desirable characteristics in the baking industry such as hectoliter weight, protein, ash, gluten and flour moisture were evaluated. The results showed that the new INIA 440 - K’ANCHAREQ variety has ten clear differences in qualitative characteristics, which distinguish it from other varieties and remained constant during the trials. The yield trials between locations showed the adaptation of the INIA 440 - K’ANCHAREQ variety to the different locations due to its high yield and hectoliter weight values. At the locality level, Andenes obtained the highest values in most of the production seasons. Adaptation trials during the second season showed the superiority of the new INIA 440 - K’ANCHAREQ variety for variables such as yield, plant height, ear size and thousand grain weight. The new variety showed no signs of stripe rust during the trials. Industrial quality trials indicated that it has good characteristics for the baking industry